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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*jaj- **AD face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sing 2 to make noise 3 noise face="Times New Roman Star"1 веселиться 2 шум face="Times New Roman Star"jo|jla- 'наслаждаться, веселиться' face="Times New Roman Star"jajna- 'веселиться, резвиться' face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 2 129 **AD. Лучше выкинуть. Наслаждаться - обычная производность от проводить лето (на яйлау - там прохладно и мух мало, часто развивает эту сем-ку), шум - см. 600. face="Times New Roman Star"*jyd face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"smell face="Times New Roman Star"запах face="Times New Roman Star"jyd (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jyd| (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ij face="Times New Roman Star"ij face="Times New Roman Star"jys face="Times New Roman Star"syt face="Times New Roman Star"hyt face="Times New Roman Star"c?yt face="Times New Roman Star"ij face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 883, ЭСТЯ 1, 380-382 (confused with *yjs), Stachowski 120. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn/yl face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"overripe face="Times New Roman Star"перезрелый face="Times New Roman Star"majyl, majyl- 'to become overripe' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 772. Cf. also Oyr. mync?yk 'musty'. face="Times New Roman Star"*j[y]l-ync?ga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tasteless food face="Times New Roman Star"пресная пища face="Times New Roman Star"jylync?g|a (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 931. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"l/-er- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to be full to overflowing face="Times New Roman Star"быть переполненным, переливаться через край face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?er- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 754. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ke.bi-l/c?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a gift of food to someone who comes to stack the crop after the fields are clear 2 harvest tax in favour of the poor or the clergy 3 debt face="Times New Roman Star"1 пищевой подарок тому, кто приходит складывать хлеб в скирды после того, как поля убраны 2 отчисление с урожая в пользу бедных или духовенства 3 долг face="Times New Roman Star"kevs?en| (MK ; spelled kfsn|) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kapsan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ka"psa"n 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kivz/en 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kepsen, kesmen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kewsen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Мудрак Дисс. . 89, EDT 585, 691, Федотов 1, 290-291. Turk. > Pers. kafsan 'harvest tax for the clergy and administration'; most modern forms may in fact have been borrowed back < Pers., but the Chuv. form can hardly be separated from the one attested in MK . The theory of its being borrowed from Mong. ko"lu"su"n (see Ro/na-Tas 1988 ) can be hardly justified. However, Hung. ko"lczo"n, indeed, has most probably a Mong. source and is not related to the words above. face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:s face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 loss, damage 2 shame face="Times New Roman Star"1 потеря, вред 2 стыд face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"*s/os ( > Mari so"s "Geda"chtnisfeier", Hung. gya/sz, see Gombocz 1912 ) face="Times New Roman Star"sa:t 2, sa:s-ta:x (folkl.) 'enemy' face="Times New Roman Star"ha:tynnar- 'to shame smb.' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 150, EDT 973 (in modern languages hard to distinguish from the borrowed Arab. ya's 'despair, grief' - but in Old Turkic no doubt genuine), Stachowski 100. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kem face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"illness face="Times New Roman Star"болезнь face="Times New Roman Star"kem (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ig-kem (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"gem, kem (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ka"m (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kem face="Times New Roman Star"kem 'agnail (illness)' face="Times New Roman Star"kem face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 720, ЭСТЯ 5, 34-35, VEWT 250, Clark 1977 , 138, (should be distinguished from kem 'few' < Pers.). Cf. perhaps Chuv. kъw|mъw|r 'anger'. face="Times New Roman Star"*saka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"foot of the mountain face="Times New Roman Star"подножье горы face="Times New Roman Star"saqa (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sag|a face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 396, EDT 805, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*bEdir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"painted ornamentation face="Times New Roman Star"рисованное украшение face="Times New Roman Star"bediz (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bed|iz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 310, VEWT 67. face="Times New Roman Star"*ac?y- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 precious gift; wellbeing 2 to tend, make comfortable, be favourable 3 to pity, have compassion face="Times New Roman Star"1 драгоценный дар; благосостояние 2 быть благоприятным, благосклонным, ухаживать 3 жалеть, иметь сострадание face="Times New Roman Star"ac?yg| 1, ac?yn- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"az?|y- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"az?|y- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ahyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ahyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ac?y- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 22, 29, ЭСТЯ 1, 92 (together with *ia:c?y- 'bitter'), Stachowski 29. Turk. > WMong. ac?ug| 'wages, rent' (L 8). In modern languages the root tends to be confused with *ia:c?y- 'bitter, bitterness' (v. sub *p`i_a:/c?`o ), thus the Oghuz voicing may be a result of secondary contamination and not due to original vowel length; but the two roots are rather well distinguished in Old Turkic, see EDT ibid. face="Times New Roman Star"*basyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"field, cornfield face="Times New Roman Star"поле face="Times New Roman Star"ba^su-rax| 'fenced garden, yard' (dial. Zonguldak - Eren 182) face="Times New Roman Star"basu; basaw (R, Kas.) face="Times New Roman Star"pozъ face="Times New Roman Star"bat|yw face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 64 (hardly < *bas- 'to press'), Федотов I 450-451. Turk. > Mari pasu, Udm. busy. face="Times New Roman Star"*bia:l/c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wound face="Times New Roman Star"рана face="Times New Roman Star"bas? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bas? (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"bas? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ba:s? face="Times New Roman Star"pu"z/ek 'scar' face="Times New Roman Star"ba:s face="Times New Roman Star"ba:s face="Times New Roman Star"bais/ (Krg. Castr. 124) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 376, VEWT 65, ЭСТЯ 2, 88-89, ОСНЯ 1, 172, Мудрак Дисс. 90, 194, Stachowski 57. Usually united with balyg| 'wound, wounded', but cf. PA *ma:\li . face="Times New Roman Star"*KAj- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to turn back 2 to show respect 3 to squint; to move to smb.'s side 4 to run towards 5 to go past, around face="Times New Roman Star"1 оборачиваться 2 выказывать уважение 3 косить глазами; переходить на чью-л. сторону 4 бежать к 5 обойти, пройти мимо face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (OUygh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (MK ) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kaj- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qajla- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"xaj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (R ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xaj- 5 face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5 208-209, EDT 674. Stachowski 137 adds Yak. xaj face="Times New Roman Star"*yr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 prediction, luck 2 omen 3 premonition face="Times New Roman Star"1 предсказание, счастье 2 знамение 3 предчувствие face="Times New Roman Star"yrk 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"yrk 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"yrk 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yrq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yryx 1, yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"@rex 'soul; expedience' face="Times New Roman Star"yra: 3 face="Times New Roman Star"yrk 'welfare', yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yryq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yrk 3, yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yryx| 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yryz 'dignity' face="Times New Roman Star"yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yrys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 166, 167, EDT 213, ОСНЯ 3, 119-120, ЭСТЯ 1, 665. face="Times New Roman Star"*bas-yg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a k. of tax 2 a coin face="Times New Roman Star"1 вид подати, налога 2 монета face="Times New Roman Star"basyg| (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bas, pas, ba:s 'price', pas-ly 'valued, expensive' (Sib., КСТТ 108, 177) face="Times New Roman Star"pus 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 373, Ашм. X, 4-5, Федотов 1, 449-450. The OT form is usually regarded as derived from *bas- 'to press' (v. sub *pa>\si ), but external evidence suggests that this is one of the numerous inner Turkic folk-etymological reinterpretations. Chuv. pus "copec" needs some additional comments. According to Егоров 166 it can either be derived from pus- 'break' < Turk. *bas- (according to Zolotnitski), or be borrowed from Pers. po:st "skin" > Tur. post, Uzb. pust 'id.' (Turkic forms see in VEWT 386). The latter hypothesis is rather improbable because the form means 'coin' only in Chuv., and because this borrowing is absent in other languages of the Volga region. VEWT 387 suggests Chuv. pus < Mari pus? 'debt, tax' < pu- 'give'. The word is absent from the Mari dictionary, one only finds пуышаш 'arrears'; cf., on the other hand, Udm. pus 'sign, subscription' < Chuv. puz@ id. < pus- 'to press'. This etymology is, therefore, equally dubious, and our equation of Chuv. pus = OT basyg| seems preferable. face="Times New Roman Star"*sys face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of grass face="Times New Roman Star"мордовник face="Times New Roman Star"sys qomurg|aj, qomuraj (qomurg|aj 'pipe') face="Times New Roman Star"Attested only in Oyrot, with possible external parallels. face="Times New Roman Star"{*Kok-} face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to decrease, diminish 2 deficient, empty face="Times New Roman Star"1 уменьшаться 2 недостаточный, пустой face="Times New Roman Star"qoq- 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qoq- 1, qoquz 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kokuz 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qug|yz 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"Govuz 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xox- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qoq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 609, 614, ЭСТЯ 6, 35-36. face="Times New Roman Star"*ob- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to crush, mince, grind face="Times New Roman Star"давить, крошить, молоть, измельчать face="Times New Roman Star"uv- (ov-) (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"ov-, og|- face="Times New Roman Star"u(w)- face="Times New Roman Star"uva- face="Times New Roman Star"ug|- face="Times New Roman Star"ov- face="Times New Roman Star"ov- face="Times New Roman Star"ug|- face="Times New Roman Star"hu_v- 'rub' face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|v- 'grind' face="Times New Roman Star"ub-ax face="Times New Roman Star"u:- face="Times New Roman Star"yw- face="Times New Roman Star"uw- face="Times New Roman Star"u:- face="Times New Roman Star"uw- face="Times New Roman Star"uw- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 510, ЭСТЯ 1, 401-403, 560-561, EDT 4-5. face="Times New Roman Star"*je.lbi face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sorcery, witchcraft face="Times New Roman Star"волшебство, колдовство face="Times New Roman Star"jelbi (Orkh.), jelvi (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jelvi (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?@lb@gen 'monster' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilbi face="Times New Roman Star"jilbi, d/ilbi 'sorcery', ja"lba"ga"n 'monster' face="Times New Roman Star"ilbi 'demoniac, possessed' (borrowed from a j-language?) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilbi face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919-920, ЭСТЯ 4, 202-203, VEWT 196 ( > Mong. z?|ilbi).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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